Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is a synthetic polymer widely used in various applications due to its unique properties, including water solubility, biodegradability, and film-forming abilities. The polymer itself is derived from polyvinyl acetate (PVAc), which undergoes hydrolysis to produce PVA. The degree of hydrolysis of PVA is a crucial factor that influences its properties and applications. In this context, “partially hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohol” refers to PVA that has undergone incomplete hydrolysis, resulting in a polymer with a lower degree of hydrolysis compared to fully hydrolyzed PVA. Polyvinyl alcohol is synthesized by the polymerization of vinyl acetate monomers to form polyvinyl acetate (PVAc). This polymer is then subjected to hydrolysis, where the acetate groups (–COOCH3) are replaced with hydroxyl groups (–OH), converting PVAc into PVA. The degree of hydrolysis, defined as the percentage of acetate groups that have been replaced by hydroxyl groups, can vary depending on the reaction conditions and the intended use of the polymer.

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